Expanding the Circle of Compassion

Sandra Larson Gilmore

Apr. 25, 2004

 

Good morning!

 

A number of years ago I was sitting with a Quaker friend of mine in her office in Boston.  We were discussing the events in our lives that had lead us to that moment in our careers.  During that meeting she read me this quote by Frederick Buechner:--

 

“The place God calls you to is the place where your deep gladness and passion and the world’s deep hunger meet.”

 

That quote had a profound effect on me and I thought, “How true.”  I believe that God calls each of us to satisfy that deep hunger by expanding our own circles of compassion to include not only human beings but all of creation.  My deep passion has always been helping animals.  I believe that that is what God has called me to do. Compassion for animals is something I have felt ever since I can remember.  I recall as a child in third grade taking out my wrath on a sixth grade boy in our neighborhood who was shooting at doves with a BB gun.  I remember my mother and I rescuing an emaciated stray dog from a parking lot.

 

I told my mother when I was four that I wanted to be an animal doctor - - - because I thought at the time that that was the only way that one could truly help animals.  However that belief changed as I gradually came to new levels of understanding by having my awareness raised by people I encountered or things I experienced.  I was fortunate to have many animal companions as a child and spent many hours with them.  Later, my college science education was centered on my getting into vet school. However God had other things in mind for me.  My experiences during the next 10 years, working for vets, working in labs including research at Harvard Med School and going to graduate school, brought me to the point where I believe I started my life’s work.  This work finally allowed me to truly express my deep passion. 

 

For the next 20 years I became a national advocate for animals- a voice for the voiceless.  I worked as the director of education and scientific advisor for the oldest and largest animal protection organization in the country.  I also founded Kitty Angels, my own cat rescue organization.  Through all of this work my own perceptions of the other creatures that share this world with us expanded greatly.  I saw pain and suffering that I could never have imagined, and saw the whole of creation  through the “veil of tears” that James Herriot describes in All Creatures Great and Small during his work at Skeldale House. 

 

At the same time, my relationship with God dramatically changed.  For many years I had what I can only describe as mind-wars with Him.  How could He allow such widespread, horrendous cruelty toward innocent beings to exist?  Where was this compassionate God?  Where was this merciful Christ?  For many years I carried around tremendous anger.  And my relationship with God was buried by this anger.

 

When I thought that my relationship with God had ended, my passion for my work quickly faded.  He who had put that spark within me had also sustained it.  No matter how I tried to rekindle that force within me, I could not. Without God directing my life, I was lost.

 

Even though I didn’t realize it at the time, Jesus was still with me.  I eventually came to know that his compassion and love never failed me, nor had it failed the rest of creation.  Christ on Earth was compassion incarnate.  Then as now he calls us to live a life of compassion - - to expand our circle to include not only all of humanity, but all of creation.  Because his new covenant is with all of creation, we must ask ourselves what grounds we have for excluding animals from the proper exercise of Christian responsibility.  No longer can we justify our behavior with empty rationalizations like, “Well, they aren’t as smart as we are”, or “They don’t have the same language as we do.”  Because the question is not “Can they reason?” nor “Can they talk?” but “Can they suffer?” 

 

Yes.  They do.  They suffer like us and bleed when wounded.  Under the skin, be it smooth, furred, or feathered, we are all related.  Animals, like us, are living souls.  They are not things.  They are not objects.  Neither are they human.  Yet, they love.  They dance.  They suffer.  And they mourn.

 

Pioneering heart transplant surgeon Dr. Christian Barnard said in his book, Good Life Good Death, “I had bought two male chimps from a primate colony in Holland.  They lived next to each other in separate cages for several months before I used one as a donor.  When we put him to sleep in his cage in preparation for the operation, he chattered and cried incessantly.  We attached no significance to this, but it must have made a great impression on his companion, for when we removed the body to the operating room, the other chimp wept bitterly and was inconsolable for days.  The incident made a deep impression on me.  I vowed never again to experiment with such sensitive creatures.”

 

In that one experience Christian Barnard had his awareness and understanding raised and his circle expanded. 

 

I’d like to relate to you one other very moving story that I discovered when writing this sermon.  It is from the book When Elephants Weep. 

 

Unlike most other animals, elephants recognize the dead bodies or skeletons of their own kind.  When an elephant encounters another’s corpse, he or she explores the body carefully and inquisitively with feet and trunk, smelling it and feeling the shape of the skull and tusks, perhaps in an effort to recognize the individual that has died.  Even a bare and sun-bleached skeleton will elicit the interest of other elephants, who inevitably stop to inspect the bones, turning them with their trunks, picking them up and carrying them from one place to another, as though trying to find a proper “resting place” for the remains.

 

Even more striking is the elephant’s response when a family member dies.  Because elephants live almost as long as people, the bonds they form are lasting.  In 1977 hunters attacked one of the family groups studied by Cynthia Moss, Director of the Amboseli Elephant Research Project in Kenya.  An animal Moss had named Tina, a young female about 15 years old, was shot in the chest, the bullet penetrating her right lung.  With the larger herd in panicky flight, Tina’s immediate family slowed to help her, crowding about her as the blood poured from her mouth.  As the groaning elephant began to slump to the ground, her mother, Teresia, and Trista, another older female, positioned themselves on each side, leaning inward to support her weight and hold her upright.  But their efforts were to no avail.  With a great shudder Tina collapsed and died.

 

Teresia and Trista tried frantically to resuscitate the dead animal, kicking and tusking her and attempting to raise her body from the earth.  Tallulah, another member of the family, even tried stuffing a trunkful of grass into Tina’s mouth.  Tina’s mother, with great difficulty, lifted the limp body with her mighty tusks.  Then, with a sharp crack, Teresia’s tusk broke under the strain, leaving a jagged stub of ivory and bloody tissue.

 

The elephants refused to leave the body, however.  They began to dig in the rocky dirt and, with their trunks, sprinkled soil over Tina’s lifeless form.  Some went into the brush and broke branches, which they brought back and placed on the carcass.  By nightfall the body was nearly covered with branches and earth.  Throughout the night members of the family stood in vigil over their fallen friend.  Only as dawn broke did they leave, heading back to the safety of the Amboseli reserve.  Teresia, Tina’s mother, was the last to go.

 

I’m sure Bruce has witnessed many times family members staying at a graveside after everyone else has gone.  They too, as the elephants, linger to say their final goodbyes.

 

Can we open our hearts to the animals?  Can we greet them as our soul mates, beings like ourselves who possess dignity and depth?  To do so, we must learn to revere and respect the creatures who, like us, are part of God’s beloved creation, and to cherish the amazing planet that sustains our mutual existence.  We must join in a biospirituality that will acknowledge and celebrate the sacred in all life.  The Jains have accomplished this.  In Jainism non-injury to living beings is the highest religion.  All beings hate pain; therefore one should not kill them.  This is the quintessence of Jain wisdom - - not to kill anything.  According to Buddhism all beings seek happiness.  One must let one’s compassion extend itself to all.  Because he has pity on every living creature, therefore is a man called “holy”.

 

On the other hand, I believe many Christian clergy have shown almost total indifference toward infliction of suffering on other species, present company excepted.  They have gone to great lengths to justify, using biblical references, our diabolical treatment of nonhuman life. 

 

But what matters most in a society less bemused by doctrinal abstractions, is the conviction that cruelty is negative, evil, and self-defeating, whereas pity and compassion is positive, humanizing, and life enhancing.

 

Christ was the embodiment of compassion.  He gave his life for us.  He taught us “no greater love has he than to give his life for a friend.”  It’s interesting to see this concept reflected in the behavior of monkeys.  In an experiment two monkeys were put in cages side by side.  One had food, but the other could only obtain food by pressing a lever that gave a painful shock to his companion in the next cage.  The unfed monkey would starve rather than press that lever.  The same cannot be said however of students in similar experiments in psych labs.

 

What is significant is not the differences between creatures, but their common origin.  In the long course of our moral and spiritual evolution, says Darwin, we have gradually learned to broaden the circle of concern for others.  Perhaps it is now time to bring not only other races and nations but other species within that arc.  Expanding our circle will be the next stop in our moral and spiritual evolution.

 

Animals, like us, are microcosms.  They too care and have feelings; they too dream and create; they too are adventurous and curious about their world.  They too reflect the glory of God.

 

Jesus was power expressed in powerlessness, strength expressed in compassion.  If selflessness and walking in love are the hallmarks of true discipleship, then we use Jesus as our example for living.  Our actions should be as Christ-like as we are capable of making them.  Christ challenges us as Christians to be a light in a dark world.  Paul expresses this by saying, “You will know them by their fruit.”  We are called upon to shine brightly by doing all that we can do to develop kindness and mercy in our lives.

 

Sometimes when I’m in our cat shelter doing chores in the evening I turn the radio to WJMJ.  They broadcast a series of prayers and chants, which often include, “Lord have mercy, Christ have mercy, Lord have mercy.”  We call upon Him to be merciful toward us.  Should we not model this attitude in our dealings with the animals if we are to be Christ-like?  The cats even react to this portion of the programming.  They become very quiet and peaceful, lie down on their beds, and actually bow their heads and close their eyes.  It looks for all the world as if they are praying.

 

Writer Henry Beston concluded in The Outermost House that, “We need another and a wiser and perhaps a more mystical concept of animals.  Remote from universal nature, and living by complicated artifice, man in civilization surveys the creature through the glass of his knowledge and sees thereby a feather magnified, and the whole image in distortion.  We patronize them for their incompleteness, for their tragic fate of having taken form so far below ourselves.  And therein we err and err greatly.  For the animal shall not be measured by man.  In a world older and more complete than ours, they move finished and complete, gifted with extensions of the senses we have lost or never attained, living by voices we shall never hear.  They are not brethren; they are not underlings; they are other nations, caught with ourselves in the net of life and time, fellow prisoners of the splendor and travail of the earth.”

 

I will close, therefore, with this prayer by Virginia Fuller:

 

Almighty God, we entreat Thee on behalf of Thy animal creation.  We ask Thy protection for all creatures that dwell upon the Earth.  Help us to know before it is too late that in destroying them we diminish the beauty of Thy handiwork, the fullness of Thy world, the sanctity of all life, and most of all, ourselves.  Bless all who work for the common cause of protecting those of Thy creatures, who have no voice, but cries of pain, no words but those spoken on their behalf.  O Lord, teach us gentleness and peace, and spread the mantle of Thy compassion over all Thy creatures, that they may be refreshed and comforted.  Amen.